TITLE:
PERFORMANCE, LIPID PROFILE AND MEAT QUALITY OF TURKEY FED CORN-SOYA DIET SUPPLEMENTED WITH PROTEASE ENZYME
NAME: OGUNSOLA Jamiu Babatunde [View Profile]
MATRIC NO: PG13/0781
CENTRE: World Bank African Centre of Excellence in Agricultural Development and Sustainable Environment (CEADESE)
PROGRAMME: Livestock Science and Sustainable Environment
DEGREE IN-AWARDED: M. AgSE. Livestock Science and Sustainable Environment
DATE OF DEFENSE: 23/5/2018
YEAR OF ADMISSION: 2013/2014 Session
ABSTRACT
Efforts of animal nutritionist are geared towards improving the efficiency of feed utilization without jeopardising health status of the animal and nutritional quality of animal product. This study was conducted to determine the performance, physiological response and meat quality of British united turkey (B.U.T) fed Corn-Soya based diets supplemented with varying levels of protease enzyme. One hundred and eighty (180) 56 day old B.U.T were assigned to six dietary treatments on weight equalization basis. A 2×3 factorial arrangement of two corn-soybean diets (corn-soybean meal SBM and corn-full fat soybean meal FFSB), and three protease enzyme levels (250, 500, and 750 mg/kg) were used. Six experimental diets were formulated for the growing (57-84 days) and finishing (84-112 days) phases by supplementing the basal diet with 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg protease enzyme, respectively. Treatments 1, 2 and 3 were fed SBM diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg protease enzyme respectively and treatments 4, 5 and 6 were fed FFSB supplemented with 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg and 750 mg/kg protease enzyme, respectively. Each dietary treatment consisted of 30 birds and 5 replicates of 6 birds each. Data collected were subjected to Analysis of Variance in a Completely Randomized Design. Growth performance, rectal temperature and pulse rate were not significantly (p>0.05) influenced by dietary treatments. FFSB+750 mg/kg protease significantly reduced total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and VLDL of breast and thigh meat. Triglyceride reduced significantly (p<0.05) in breast meat of group fed SBM+750 mg/kg protease and thigh meat of group fed FFSB+750 mg/kg protease enzyme respectively. Meat of turkeys fed SBM irrespective of the levels of protease supplementation had the least (p>0.05) cooking loss, while SBM+750 mg/kg significantly increased (p<0.05) the water absorption capacity and refrigeration loss of thigh meat of B.U.T. The Organoleptic characteristics of the breast and thigh meat were not influenced (p>0.05) by the dietary treatments except for thigh meat which had high (p<0.05) overall acceptability score. Corn-soya diet supplemented with levels of protease enzyme did not influenced serum (p>0.05) biochemical antioxidant and malondialdehyde (MDA) except glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). SBM+250 mg/kg increased serum GSH-Px. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and GSH-Px were higher (p<0.05) in breast meat of birds fed FFSB+750mg/kg protease. Thigh meat of turkey fed FFSB+750mg/kg had high SOD while those of turkey fed FFSB+500 mg/kg and FFSB+750 mg/kg had higher GSH-Px. FFSB+750 mg/kg protease enzyme significantly reduced MDA in breast and thigh meat of B.U.T. The study concluded that growth performance characteristics, pulse rate and rectal temperature of growing turkeys fed corn-soy diets supplemented with protease enzyme was not influenced by dietary treatment. Corn-FFSB supplemented with protease enzyme reduced meat lipid profile, improved the overall acceptability, biochemical antioxidants and reduced MDA of meat of British united turkeys.